Weis' "Ancestral Roots. . ." (39:22), (214:22). From Cokayne's "Complete Peerage", in the article on Richmond: "In the 11th century and the early part of the 12th the rulers of Brittany styled themselves indifferently "Duke" or "Count"; thereafter "Duke" became the rule. Per Galliou and Jones' "The Bretons", when Geoffrey departed for Rome on a pilgrimage from which he never returned, he left his sons, ALAIN and EUDES under the protection of RICHARD II, DUKE OF NORMANDY, who also proffered assistance during the last Viking attack on the duchy in 1013-14. Later, under ROBERT I (1027-35), relations between Brittany and Normandy deteriorated, but were eventually patched up.